 
          
            O
          
        
        
          il and gas pipelines installations
        
        
          positioned across widespread areas that
        
        
          are difficult to monitor and guard are
        
        
          exceptionally valuable and important
        
        
          assets. Attacks, damage or leaks to such installations
        
        
          can lead to massive environmental and ecological
        
        
          damages including, but not limited to, massive
        
        
          lawsuits and revenue losses.
        
        
          In the past, many methods of monitoring,
        
        
          surveying, detecting, and locating leaks or damages
        
        
          in the oil and gas pipelines have been quite costly,
        
        
          ineffective and unproductive to perform and
        
        
          accomplish with any great accurate results, causing
        
        
          lengthy repair activities including shutdowns.
        
        
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